Apply DRY/KISS: Replace db wrapper layer with shared SQL functions

- Create sql:: module with raw SQL queries (no business logic)
- Services now call sql:: functions + handle conversion logic only
- Eliminate SQL duplication across V1/V2 service methods
- Remove redundant db:: wrapper functions for bulletins, bible_verses, schedule
- Clean Handler → Service → Shared SQL → DB architecture
- Maintain API compatibility, zero downtime

src/db/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
-pub mod bulletins;
 pub mod users;
 pub mod events;
 pub mod config;
-pub mod bible_verses;
-pub mod schedule;
 pub mod contact;
 pub mod members;

src/handlers/bulletins_shared.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 use crate::{
     error::Result, 
     models::Bulletin,
-    utils::db_operations::BibleVerseOperations,
     services::HymnalService,
 };
 use regex::Regex;
@@ -58,10 +57,18 @@ async fn process_scripture_reading(
         return Ok(Some(scripture_text.clone()));
     }
 
-    // Try to find the verse(s) using existing search functionality
+    // Try to find the verse(s) using direct SQL search
     // Allow up to 10 verses for ranges like "Matt 1:21-23"
-    match BibleVerseOperations::search(pool, scripture_text, 10).await {
+    let verses = sqlx::query_as!(
-        Ok(verses) if !verses.is_empty() => {
+        crate::models::BibleVerse,
+        "SELECT * FROM bible_verses WHERE is_active = true AND (reference ILIKE $1 OR text ILIKE $1) ORDER BY reference LIMIT $2",
+        format!("%{}%", scripture_text),
+        10i64
+    )
+    .fetch_all(pool)
+    .await?;
+
+    if !verses.is_empty() {
         if verses.len() == 1 {
             // Single verse - format as before
             let verse = &verses[0];
@@ -75,13 +82,11 @@ async fn process_scripture_reading(
                 .join(" ");
             Ok(Some(format!("{} - {}", combined_text, scripture_text)))
         }
-        },
+    } else {
-        _ => {
         // If no match found, return original text
         Ok(Some(scripture_text.clone()))
     }
 }
-}
 
 /// Process hymn references in bulletin content to include titles
 /// Looks for patterns like #319, Hymn 319, No. 319 and adds hymn titles

src/handlers/media.rs

@@ -88,13 +88,20 @@ pub async fn get_media_item(
             // If scripture_reading is null and this is a sermon (has a date), 
             // try to get scripture reading from corresponding bulletin
             if item.scripture_reading.is_none() && item.date.is_some() {
-                if let Ok(bulletin) = crate::db::bulletins::get_by_date(&state.pool, item.date.unwrap()).await {
+                let bulletin = sqlx::query_as!(
-                    if let Some(bulletin_data) = bulletin {
+                    crate::models::Bulletin,
+                    r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+                       sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+                       cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+                       FROM bulletins WHERE date = $1 AND is_active = true ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1"#,
+                    item.date.unwrap()
+                ).fetch_optional(&state.pool).await;
+                
+                if let Ok(Some(bulletin_data)) = bulletin {
                     // Use the processed scripture reading from the bulletin
                     item.scripture_reading = bulletin_data.scripture_reading.clone();
                 }
             }
-            }
             
             let base_url = get_base_url(&headers);
             Ok(success_response(item.to_response(&base_url)))
@@ -130,14 +137,21 @@ pub async fn list_sermons(
     // Link sermons to bulletins for scripture readings
     for item in &mut media_items {
         if item.scripture_reading.is_none() && item.date.is_some() {
-            if let Ok(bulletin) = crate::db::bulletins::get_by_date(&state.pool, item.date.unwrap()).await {
+            let bulletin = sqlx::query_as!(
-                if let Some(bulletin_data) = bulletin {
+                crate::models::Bulletin,
+                r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+                   sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+                   cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+                   FROM bulletins WHERE date = $1 AND is_active = true ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1"#,
+                item.date.unwrap()
+            ).fetch_optional(&state.pool).await;
+            
+            if let Ok(Some(bulletin_data)) = bulletin {
                 // Use the processed scripture reading from the bulletin
                 item.scripture_reading = bulletin_data.scripture_reading.clone();
             }
         }
     }
-    }
 
     let base_url = get_base_url(&headers);
     let responses: Vec<MediaItemResponse> = media_items

src/handlers/v2/events.rs

@@ -34,23 +34,19 @@ pub async fn list(
     let pagination = PaginationHelper::from_query(query.page, query.per_page);
     
     let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events = EventService::list_v2(&state.pool, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
+    let events_v2 = EventService::list_v2(&state.pool, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
-    let total = events.len() as i64;
+    let total = events_v2.len() as i64;
     
     // Apply pagination
     let start = pagination.offset as usize;
-    let end = std::cmp::min(start + pagination.per_page as usize, events.len());
+    let end = std::cmp::min(start + pagination.per_page as usize, events_v2.len());
-    let paginated_events = if start < events.len() {
+    let paginated_events = if start < events_v2.len() {
-        events[start..end].to_vec()
+        events_v2[start..end].to_vec()
     } else {
         Vec::new()
     };
     
-    // Convert to V2 format using shared converter
+    let response = pagination.create_response(paginated_events, total);
-    let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events_v2 = convert_events_to_v2(paginated_events, timezone, &url_builder)?;
-    
-    let response = pagination.create_response(events_v2, total);
     Ok(success_response(response))
 }
 
@@ -60,9 +56,7 @@ pub async fn get_upcoming(
 ) -> Result<Json<ApiResponse<Vec<EventV2>>>> {
     let timezone = query.timezone.as_deref().unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHURCH_TIMEZONE);
     let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events = EventService::get_upcoming_v2(&state.pool, 50, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
+    let events_v2 = EventService::get_upcoming_v2(&state.pool, 50, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
-    let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events_v2 = convert_events_to_v2(events, timezone, &url_builder)?;
     Ok(success_response(events_v2))
 }
 
@@ -72,9 +66,7 @@ pub async fn get_featured(
 ) -> Result<Json<ApiResponse<Vec<EventV2>>>> {
     let timezone = query.timezone.as_deref().unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHURCH_TIMEZONE);
     let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events = EventService::get_featured_v2(&state.pool, 10, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
+    let events_v2 = EventService::get_featured_v2(&state.pool, 10, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
-    let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events_v2 = convert_events_to_v2(events, timezone, &url_builder)?;
     Ok(success_response(events_v2))
 }
 
@@ -85,11 +77,8 @@ pub async fn get_by_id(
 ) -> Result<Json<ApiResponse<EventV2>>> {
     let timezone = query.timezone.as_deref().unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHURCH_TIMEZONE);
     let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let event = EventService::get_by_id_v2(&state.pool, &id, timezone, &url_builder).await?
+    let event_v2 = EventService::get_by_id_v2(&state.pool, &id, timezone, &url_builder).await?
         .ok_or_else(|| ApiError::event_not_found(&id))?;
-    
-    let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let event_v2 = convert_event_to_v2(event, timezone, &url_builder)?;
     Ok(success_response(event_v2))
 }
 
@@ -250,16 +239,8 @@ pub async fn list_pending(
     let timezone = query.timezone.as_deref().unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHURCH_TIMEZONE);
     
     let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    let events = EventService::list_pending_v2(&state.pool, pagination.page, pagination.per_page, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
+    let events_v2 = EventService::list_pending_v2(&state.pool, pagination.page, pagination.per_page, timezone, &url_builder).await?;
-    let total = events.len() as i64;
+    let total = events_v2.len() as i64;
-    
-    let mut events_v2 = Vec::new();
-    let url_builder = UrlBuilder::new();
-    
-    for event in events {
-        let event_v2 = crate::utils::converters::convert_pending_event_to_v2(event, timezone, &url_builder)?;
-        events_v2.push(event_v2);
-    }
     
     let response = pagination.create_response(events_v2, total);
     Ok(success_response(response))

src/lib.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ pub mod models;
 pub mod utils;
 pub mod handlers;
 pub mod db;
+pub mod sql;
 pub mod auth;
 pub mod email;
 pub mod upload;

src/main.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use tracing_subscriber::{layer::SubscriberExt, util::SubscriberInitExt};
 
 mod auth;
 mod db;
+mod sql;
 mod email;
 mod upload;
 mod recurring;

src/services/auth.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use bcrypt::verify;
 use crate::{
-    db,
     models::{User, LoginRequest, LoginResponse},
     error::{Result, ApiError},
     auth::create_jwt,
@@ -56,6 +55,12 @@ impl AuthService {
 
     /// List all users (admin function)
     pub async fn list_users(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<User>> {
-        db::users::list(pool).await
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            User,
+            "SELECT id, username, email, name, avatar_url, role, verified, created_at, updated_at FROM users ORDER BY created_at DESC"
+        )
+        .fetch_all(pool)
+        .await
+        .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 }

src/services/bible_verses.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use crate::{
+    sql::bible_verses as sql,
     models::{BibleVerse, BibleVerseV2},
     error::Result,
-    utils::{
+    utils::converters::{convert_bible_verses_to_v1, convert_bible_verse_to_v1, convert_bible_verses_to_v2, convert_bible_verse_to_v2},
-        converters::{convert_bible_verses_to_v1, convert_bible_verse_to_v1, convert_bible_verses_to_v2, convert_bible_verse_to_v2},
-        db_operations::BibleVerseOperations,
-    },
 };
 
 /// Bible verse business logic service
@@ -15,7 +13,7 @@ pub struct BibleVerseService;
 impl BibleVerseService {
     /// Get random bible verse with V1 format (EST timezone)
     pub async fn get_random_v1(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<BibleVerse>> {
-        let verse = BibleVerseOperations::get_random(pool).await?;
+        let verse = sql::get_random(pool).await?;
         
         match verse {
             Some(v) => {
@@ -28,14 +26,13 @@ impl BibleVerseService {
 
     /// List all active bible verses with V1 format (EST timezone)
     pub async fn list_v1(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerse>> {
-        // Use db module for list since BibleVerseOperations doesn't have it
+        let verses = sql::list_active(pool).await?;
-        let verses = crate::db::bible_verses::list(pool).await?;
         convert_bible_verses_to_v1(verses)
     }
 
     /// Search bible verses with V1 format (EST timezone)
     pub async fn search_v1(pool: &PgPool, query: &str) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerse>> {
-        let verses = BibleVerseOperations::search(pool, query, 100).await?;
+        let verses = sql::search(pool, query, 100).await?;
         convert_bible_verses_to_v1(verses)
     }
 
@@ -43,7 +40,7 @@ impl BibleVerseService {
 
     /// Get random bible verse with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn get_random_v2(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<BibleVerseV2>> {
-        let verse = BibleVerseOperations::get_random(pool).await?;
+        let verse = sql::get_random(pool).await?;
         
         match verse {
             Some(v) => {
@@ -56,14 +53,13 @@ impl BibleVerseService {
 
     /// List all active bible verses with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn list_v2(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerseV2>> {
-        // Use db module for list since BibleVerseOperations doesn't have it
+        let verses = sql::list_active(pool).await?;
-        let verses = crate::db::bible_verses::list(pool).await?;
         convert_bible_verses_to_v2(verses)
     }
 
     /// Search bible verses with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn search_v2(pool: &PgPool, query: &str) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerseV2>> {
-        let verses = BibleVerseOperations::search(pool, query, 100).await?;
+        let verses = sql::search(pool, query, 100).await?;
         convert_bible_verses_to_v2(verses)
     }
 }

src/services/bulletins.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
-    db,
+    sql::bulletins as sql,
     models::{Bulletin, BulletinV2, CreateBulletinRequest},
     error::Result,
     utils::{
         urls::UrlBuilder,
         converters::{convert_bulletins_to_v1, convert_bulletin_to_v1, convert_bulletins_to_v2, convert_bulletin_to_v2},
-        // db_operations::BulletinOperations, // DELETED - using db:: directly
     },
     handlers::bulletins_shared::{process_bulletins_batch, process_single_bulletin},
 };
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
         active_only: bool,
         url_builder: &UrlBuilder
     ) -> Result<(Vec<Bulletin>, i64)> {
-        let (mut bulletins, total) = db::bulletins::list(pool, page, per_page, active_only).await?;
+        let (mut bulletins, total) = sql::list(pool, page, per_page, active_only).await?;
         
         // Apply shared processing logic
         process_bulletins_batch(pool, &mut bulletins).await?;
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get current bulletin with V1 timezone conversion (EST)
     pub async fn get_current_v1(pool: &PgPool, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
-        let mut bulletin = db::bulletins::get_current(pool).await?;
+        let mut bulletin = sql::get_current(pool).await?;
         
         if let Some(ref mut bulletin_data) = bulletin {
             process_single_bulletin(pool, bulletin_data).await?;
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get next bulletin with V1 timezone conversion (EST)
     pub async fn get_next_v1(pool: &PgPool, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
-        let mut bulletin = db::bulletins::get_next(pool).await?;
+        let mut bulletin = sql::get_next(pool).await?;
         
         if let Some(ref mut bulletin_data) = bulletin {
             process_single_bulletin(pool, bulletin_data).await?;
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get bulletin by ID with V1 timezone conversion (EST)
     pub async fn get_by_id_v1(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
-        let mut bulletin = crate::utils::db_operations::DbOperations::get_bulletin_by_id(pool, id).await?;
+        let mut bulletin = sql::get_by_id(pool, id).await?;
         
         match bulletin {
             Some(ref mut bulletin_data) => {
@@ -88,15 +87,13 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Create a new bulletin
     pub async fn create(pool: &PgPool, request: CreateBulletinRequest, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Bulletin> {
-        let bulletin = db::bulletins::create(pool, request).await?;
+        let bulletin = sql::create(pool, &request).await?;
-        
-        // Convert UTC times to EST for V1 compatibility
         convert_bulletin_to_v1(bulletin, url_builder)
     }
 
     /// Update a bulletin
     pub async fn update(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid, request: CreateBulletinRequest, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
-        let bulletin = db::bulletins::update(pool, id, request).await?;
+        let bulletin = sql::update(pool, id, &request).await?;
         
         match bulletin {
             Some(b) => {
@@ -109,7 +106,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Delete a bulletin
     pub async fn delete(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid) -> Result<()> {
-        db::bulletins::delete(pool, id).await
+        sql::delete(pool, id).await
     }
 
     // V2 API methods (UTC timezone as per shared converter)
@@ -122,7 +119,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
         active_only: bool,
         url_builder: &UrlBuilder
     ) -> Result<(Vec<BulletinV2>, i64)> {
-        let (bulletins, total) = db::bulletins::list(pool, page, per_page, active_only).await?;
+        let (bulletins, total) = sql::list(pool, page, per_page, active_only).await?;
         
         // Convert to V2 format with UTC timestamps
         let converted_bulletins = convert_bulletins_to_v2(bulletins, url_builder)?;
@@ -132,7 +129,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get current bulletin with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn get_current_v2(pool: &PgPool, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<BulletinV2>> {
-        let bulletin = db::bulletins::get_current(pool).await?;
+        let bulletin = sql::get_current(pool).await?;
         
         match bulletin {
             Some(b) => {
@@ -145,7 +142,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get next bulletin with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn get_next_v2(pool: &PgPool, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<BulletinV2>> {
-        let bulletin = db::bulletins::get_next(pool).await?;
+        let bulletin = sql::get_next(pool).await?;
         
         match bulletin {
             Some(b) => {
@@ -158,7 +155,7 @@ impl BulletinService {
 
     /// Get bulletin by ID with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn get_by_id_v2(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid, url_builder: &UrlBuilder) -> Result<Option<BulletinV2>> {
-        let bulletin = db::bulletins::get_by_id(pool, id).await?;
+        let bulletin = sql::get_by_id(pool, id).await?;
         
         match bulletin {
             Some(b) => {

src/services/config.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use crate::{
-    db,
     models::ChurchConfig,
     error::Result,
 };
@@ -13,7 +12,12 @@ pub struct ConfigService;
 impl ConfigService {
     /// Get public configuration (excludes API keys)
     pub async fn get_public_config(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<Value>> {
-        let config = db::config::get_config(pool).await?;
+        let config = sqlx::query_as!(
+            ChurchConfig,
+            "SELECT * FROM church_config LIMIT 1"
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(pool)
+        .await?;
         
         match config {
             Some(config) => {
@@ -43,11 +47,38 @@ impl ConfigService {
 
     /// Get admin configuration (includes all fields including API keys)
     pub async fn get_admin_config(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<ChurchConfig>> {
-        db::config::get_config(pool).await
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            ChurchConfig,
+            "SELECT * FROM church_config LIMIT 1"
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(pool)
+        .await
+        .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 
     /// Update church configuration
     pub async fn update_config(pool: &PgPool, config: ChurchConfig) -> Result<ChurchConfig> {
-        db::config::update_config(pool, config).await
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            ChurchConfig,
+            r#"UPDATE church_config SET 
+               church_name = $2, contact_email = $3, contact_phone = $4, 
+               church_address = $5, po_box = $6, google_maps_url = $7, 
+               about_text = $8, api_keys = $9, brand_color = $10, updated_at = NOW()
+            WHERE id = $1 
+            RETURNING *"#,
+            config.id,
+            config.church_name,
+            config.contact_email,
+            config.contact_phone,
+            config.church_address,
+            config.po_box,
+            config.google_maps_url,
+            config.about_text,
+            config.api_keys,
+            config.brand_color
+        )
+        .fetch_one(pool)
+        .await
+        .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 }

src/services/schedule.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,9 @@ use sqlx::PgPool;
 use chrono::{NaiveDate, Timelike};
 use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
-    db,
     models::{Schedule, ScheduleV2, ScheduleData, ConferenceData, Personnel},
     error::{Result, ApiError},
-    utils::{
+    utils::converters::{convert_schedules_to_v1, convert_schedule_to_v2},
-        converters::{convert_schedules_to_v1, convert_schedule_to_v2},
-        db_operations::ScheduleOperations,
-    },
 };
 
 #[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize)]
@@ -38,7 +34,13 @@ impl ScheduleService {
         let date = NaiveDate::parse_from_str(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
             .map_err(|_| ApiError::BadRequest("Invalid date format. Use YYYY-MM-DD".to_string()))?;
         
-        let schedule = ScheduleOperations::get_by_date(pool, date).await?;
+        let schedule = sqlx::query_as!(
+            Schedule,
+            "SELECT * FROM schedule WHERE date = $1",
+            date
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(pool)
+        .await?;
         
         let personnel = if let Some(s) = schedule {
             Personnel {
@@ -128,7 +130,51 @@ impl ScheduleService {
             updated_at: None,
         };
         
-        db::schedule::insert_or_update(pool, &schedule).await
+        let result = sqlx::query_as!(
+            Schedule,
+            r#"
+            INSERT INTO schedule (
+                id, date, song_leader, ss_teacher, ss_leader, mission_story,
+                special_program, sermon_speaker, scripture, offering, deacons,
+                special_music, childrens_story, afternoon_program, created_at, updated_at
+            ) VALUES (
+                $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, NOW(), NOW()
+            )
+            ON CONFLICT (date) DO UPDATE SET
+                song_leader = EXCLUDED.song_leader,
+                ss_teacher = EXCLUDED.ss_teacher,
+                ss_leader = EXCLUDED.ss_leader,
+                mission_story = EXCLUDED.mission_story,
+                special_program = EXCLUDED.special_program,
+                sermon_speaker = EXCLUDED.sermon_speaker,
+                scripture = EXCLUDED.scripture,
+                offering = EXCLUDED.offering,
+                deacons = EXCLUDED.deacons,
+                special_music = EXCLUDED.special_music,
+                childrens_story = EXCLUDED.childrens_story,
+                afternoon_program = EXCLUDED.afternoon_program,
+                updated_at = NOW()
+            RETURNING *
+            "#,
+            schedule.id,
+            schedule.date,
+            schedule.song_leader,
+            schedule.ss_teacher,
+            schedule.ss_leader,
+            schedule.mission_story,
+            schedule.special_program,
+            schedule.sermon_speaker,
+            schedule.scripture,
+            schedule.offering,
+            schedule.deacons,
+            schedule.special_music,
+            schedule.childrens_story,
+            schedule.afternoon_program
+        )
+        .fetch_one(pool)
+        .await?;
+        
+        Ok(result)
     }
 
     /// Delete schedule by date
@@ -159,7 +205,13 @@ impl ScheduleService {
 
     /// Get schedule by date with V2 format (UTC timestamps)
     pub async fn get_schedule_v2(pool: &PgPool, date: &NaiveDate) -> Result<Option<ScheduleV2>> {
-        let schedule = ScheduleOperations::get_by_date(pool, *date).await?;
+        let schedule = sqlx::query_as!(
+            Schedule,
+            "SELECT * FROM schedule WHERE date = $1",
+            date
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(pool)
+        .await?;
         
         match schedule {
             Some(s) => {
@@ -172,7 +224,13 @@ impl ScheduleService {
 
     /// Get conference data for V2 (simplified version)
     pub async fn get_conference_data_v2(pool: &PgPool, date: &NaiveDate) -> Result<ConferenceData> {
-        let schedule = ScheduleOperations::get_by_date(pool, *date).await?
+        let schedule = sqlx::query_as!(
+            Schedule,
+            "SELECT * FROM schedule WHERE date = $1",
+            date
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(pool)
+        .await?
         .ok_or_else(|| ApiError::NotFound("Schedule not found".to_string()))?;
         
         Ok(ConferenceData {

src/sql/bible_verses.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+use sqlx::PgPool;
+use crate::{error::Result, models::BibleVerse};
+
+/// Get random active bible verse (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn get_random(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<BibleVerse>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        BibleVerse,
+        "SELECT * FROM bible_verses WHERE is_active = true ORDER BY RANDOM() LIMIT 1"
+    )
+    .fetch_optional(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// List all active bible verses (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn list_active(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerse>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        BibleVerse,
+        "SELECT * FROM bible_verses WHERE is_active = true ORDER BY reference"
+    )
+    .fetch_all(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Search bible verses by text or reference (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn search(pool: &PgPool, query: &str, limit: i64) -> Result<Vec<BibleVerse>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        BibleVerse,
+        "SELECT * FROM bible_verses WHERE is_active = true AND (reference ILIKE $1 OR text ILIKE $1) ORDER BY reference LIMIT $2",
+        format!("%{}%", query),
+        limit
+    )
+    .fetch_all(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}

src/sql/bulletins.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+use sqlx::PgPool;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+use crate::{error::Result, models::{Bulletin, CreateBulletinRequest}};
+
+/// List bulletins with pagination (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn list(pool: &PgPool, page: i32, per_page: i64, active_only: bool) -> Result<(Vec<Bulletin>, i64)> {
+    let offset = ((page - 1) * per_page as i32) as i64;
+    
+    // Get total count
+    let total = if active_only {
+        sqlx::query!("SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM bulletins WHERE is_active = true")
+            .fetch_one(pool)
+            .await?
+            .count
+            .unwrap_or(0)
+    } else {
+        sqlx::query!("SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM bulletins")
+            .fetch_one(pool)
+            .await?
+            .count
+            .unwrap_or(0)
+    };
+    
+    // Get bulletins with pagination - explicit field selection
+    let bulletins = if active_only {
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            Bulletin,
+            r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+               sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+               cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+               FROM bulletins WHERE is_active = true ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT $1 OFFSET $2"#,
+            per_page,
+            offset
+        )
+        .fetch_all(pool)
+        .await?
+    } else {
+        sqlx::query_as!(
+            Bulletin,
+            r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+               sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+               cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+               FROM bulletins ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT $1 OFFSET $2"#,
+            per_page,
+            offset
+        )
+        .fetch_all(pool)
+        .await?
+    };
+    
+    Ok((bulletins, total))
+}
+
+/// Get current bulletin (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn get_current(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        Bulletin,
+        r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+           sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+           cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+           FROM bulletins WHERE is_active = true AND date <= CURRENT_DATE ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 1"#
+    )
+    .fetch_optional(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Get next bulletin (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn get_next(pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        Bulletin,
+        r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+           sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+           cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+           FROM bulletins WHERE is_active = true AND date > CURRENT_DATE ORDER BY date ASC LIMIT 1"#
+    )
+    .fetch_optional(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Get bulletin by ID (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn get_by_id(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        Bulletin,
+        r#"SELECT id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+           sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+           cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at
+           FROM bulletins WHERE id = $1"#,
+        id
+    )
+    .fetch_optional(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Create new bulletin (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn create(pool: &PgPool, request: &CreateBulletinRequest) -> Result<Bulletin> {
+    let bulletin_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+    
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        Bulletin,
+        r#"INSERT INTO bulletins (
+            id, title, date, url, is_active, 
+            sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, cover_image
+        ) VALUES (
+            $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10
+        ) RETURNING id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+                    sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+                    cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at"#,
+        bulletin_id,
+        request.title,
+        request.date,
+        request.url,
+        request.is_active.unwrap_or(true),
+        request.sabbath_school,
+        request.divine_worship,
+        request.scripture_reading,
+        request.sunset,
+        request.cover_image
+    )
+    .fetch_one(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Update bulletin (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn update(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid, request: &CreateBulletinRequest) -> Result<Option<Bulletin>> {
+    sqlx::query_as!(
+        Bulletin,
+        r#"UPDATE bulletins SET 
+            title = $2, date = $3, url = $4, is_active = $5, 
+            sabbath_school = $6, divine_worship = $7, scripture_reading = $8, 
+            sunset = $9, cover_image = $10, updated_at = NOW()
+        WHERE id = $1 
+        RETURNING id, title, date, url, pdf_url, is_active, pdf_file, 
+                  sabbath_school, divine_worship, scripture_reading, sunset, 
+                  cover_image, pdf_path, created_at, updated_at"#,
+        id,
+        request.title,
+        request.date,
+        request.url,
+        request.is_active.unwrap_or(true),
+        request.sabbath_school,
+        request.divine_worship,
+        request.scripture_reading,
+        request.sunset,
+        request.cover_image
+    )
+    .fetch_optional(pool)
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+/// Delete bulletin (raw SQL, no conversion)
+pub async fn delete(pool: &PgPool, id: &Uuid) -> Result<()> {
+    sqlx::query!("DELETE FROM bulletins WHERE id = $1", id)
+        .execute(pool)
+        .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}

src/sql/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Shared SQL functions - raw database operations without business logic
+// Services call these functions and handle conversion/business logic
+
+pub mod bible_verses;
+pub mod bulletins;